Physical colour numbers
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
|F/B| B | | | | B | G | R |
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
| | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | +---Red
| | | | | | +-------Green
| | | | | +-----------Blue
| | +---+---+---------------Extension
| +---------------------------Border
+-------------------------------0=Foreground, 1=Background
0 0 x x x b g r - foreground colour
0 1 x x x b g r -
1 0 x x x b g r - background colour
1 1 x x x b g r - border colour
BBC implements:
l x x x f b g r - foreground colour
+-------- flash
Spectrum implements:
l b x f i b g r - foreground colour
| | +-------- bright
| +---------- flash
+-------------- border
Bit 0 - Red
Bit 1 - Green
Bit 2 - Blue
Bit 3 - Bright
Bit 4 - Flash
Bit 5 - Change colour only, don't change Flash and Bright
Bit 6 - Change Flash and Bright only, don't change colours
Bit 7 - 0=Set foreground or flash/bright, 1=Set background or border
This results in the colour being set as follows:
&00+n (0-63) - text foreground colour
&40+n (64-127) - flash and bright without changing colours
&80+n (128-191) - text background colour
&C0+n (192-255) - border colour
Fore Back
ground ground Border Colour
0 &00 128 &80 192 &C0 Black
1 &01 129 &81 193 &C1 Red
2 &02 130 &82 194 &C2 Green
3 &03 131 &83 195 &C3 Yellow
4 &04 132 &84 196 &C4 Blue
5 &05 133 &85 197 &C5 Magenta
6 &06 134 &86 198 &C6 Cyan
7 &07 135 &87 199 &C7 White
Spectrum Colour Numbers with BBC BASIC support
----------------------------------------------
b0: Red
b1: Green
b2: Blue
b3: Intense
b4: Flash
b5: 0=change F/I 1=don't change F/I
b6: 0=change RGB 1=don't change RGB
b7: 0=foreground or F/I 1=background or border
0 &00 %000FIBGR - foreground colour
32 &20 %001xxBGR - foreground colour, don't change current F and I
64 &40 %010FIxxx - set F and I without changing current colours
96 &60 %011xxxxx - don't change anything!
128 &80 %100FIBGR - background colour
160 &A0 %101xxBGR - background colour, don't change current F and I
192 &C0 %110xxBGR - border colour (no F or I anyway)
224 &E0 %111xxBGR - border colour, don't change current F and I
%000IFBGR - foreground colour
-----------------------------
0 black ink
1 red ink
2 green ink
3 yellow ink
4 blue ink
5 magenta ink
6 cyan ink
7 white ink
8 black ink, bright
9 red ink, bright
10 green ink, bright
11 yellow ink, bright
12 blue ink, bright
13 magenta ink, bright
14 cyan ink, bright
15 white ink, bright
16 black ink, flash
17 red ink, flash
18 green ink, flash
19 yellow ink, flash
20 blue ink, flash
21 magenta ink, flash
22 cyan ink, flash
23 white ink, flash
24 black ink, bright, flash
25 red ink, bright, flash
26 green ink, bright, flash
27 yellow ink, bright, flash
28 blue ink, bright, flash
29 magenta ink, bright, flash
30 cyan ink, bright, flash
31 white ink, bright, flash
%001xxBGR - foreground colour, don't change current F and I
-----------------------------------------------------------
32 black ink, bright unchanged, flash unchanged
33 red ink, bright unchanged, flash unchanged
34 green ink, bright unchanged, flash unchanged
35 yellow ink, bright unchanged, flash unchanged
36 blue ink, bright unchanged, flash unchanged
37 magenta ink, bright unchanged, flash unchanged
38 cyan ink, bright unchanged, flash unchanged
39 white ink, bright unchanged, flash unchanged
%010FIxxx - set I and F without changing current colours
--------------------------------------------------------
64 flash off, bright off
72 flash off, bright on
80 flash on, bright off
88 flash on, bright on
%011xxxxx - reserved - don't change current F/I or RGB
-----------------------------------------------------
%100IFBGR - background colour
-----------------------------
128 black paper
129 red paper
130 green paper
131 yellow paper
132 blue paper
133 magenta paper
134 cyan paper
135 white paper
136 black paper, bright
137 red paper, bright
138 green paper, bright
139 yellow paper, bright
140 blue paper, bright
141 magenta paper, bright
142 cyan paper, bright
143 white paper, bright
144 black paper, flash
145 red paper, flash
146 green paper, flash
147 yellow paper, flash
148 blue paper, flash
149 magenta paper, flash
150 cyan paper, flash
151 white paper, flash
152 black paper, bright, flash
153 red paper, bright, flash
154 green paper, bright, flash
155 yellow paper, bright, flash
156 blue paper, bright, flash
157 magenta paper, bright, flash
158 cyan paper, bright, flash
159 white paper, bright, flash
%101xxBGR - foreground colour, don't change current F and I
-----------------------------------------------------------
160 black paper, bright unchanged, flash unchanged
161 red paper, bright unchanged, flash unchanged
162 green paper, bright unchanged, flash unchanged
163 yellow paper, bright unchanged, flash unchanged
164 blue paper, bright unchanged, flash unchanged
165 magenta paper, bright unchanged, flash unchanged
166 cyan paper, bright unchanged, flash unchanged
167 white paper, bright unchanged, flash unchanged
%110FIxxx - border colour (but border doesn't have flash or bright)
-------------------------------------------------------------------
192 black border
193 red border
194 green border
195 yellow border
196 blue border
197 magenta border
198 cyan border
199 white border
%111xxBGR - reserved - border colour, don't change current F and I
------------------------------------------------------------------
Commodore implements
l b x f i b g r - foreground colour
| | +-------- bright
| +---------- flash
+-------------- border
%00xxxbgr - &00+num - foreground colour
%01xxxbgr - &40+num - reserved
%10xxxbgr - &80+num - background colour
%11xxxbgr - &C0+num - border colour
The Commodore 64 has 16 physical colours, so this gives the following
colours:
Fore Back
ground ground Border Colour
0 &00 128 &80 192 &C0 Black
1 &01 129 &81 193 &C1 Red
2 &02 130 &82 194 &C2 Green
3 &03 131 &83 195 &C3 Yellow
4 &04 132 &84 196 &C4 Blue
5 &05 133 &85 197 &C5 Magenta
6 &06 134 &86 198 &C6 Cyan
7 &07 135 &87 199 &C7 White
8 &08 135 &88 200 &C8 Orange
9 &09 136 &89 201 &C9 Light Red
10 &0A 137 &8A 202 &CA Light Green
11 &0B 138 &8B 203 &CB Light Grey
12 &0C 139 &8C 204 &CC Light Blue
13 &0D 140 &8D 205 &CD Grey
14 &0E 141 &8E 206 &CE Dark Grey
15 &0F 142 &8F 207 &CF Brown
DOS:
COLOUR 0
COLOUR 128
Black
COLOUR 1
COLOUR 129
Red
COLOUR 2
COLOUR 130
Green
COLOUR 3
COLOUR 131
Yellow
COLOUR 4
COLOUR 132
Blue
COLOUR 5
COLOUR 133
Magenta
COLOUR 6
COLOUR 134
Cyan
COLOUR 7
COLOUR 135
White
COLOUR 8
COLOUR 136
Intensified Black
COLOUR 9
COLOUR 137
Intensified Red
COLOUR 10
COLOUR 138
Intensified Green
COLOUR 11
COLOUR 139
Intensified Yellow
COLOUR 12
COLOUR 140
Intensified Blue
COLOUR 13
COLOUR 141
Intensified Magenta
COLOUR 14
COLOUR 142
Intensified Cyan
COLOUR 15
COLOUR 143
Intensified White
The border is specified by using -1 as the logical colour number.
The following example sets the border colour to green.
VDU 19,-1,2,0,0,0
The alternative mode provides an 'analogue' palette by allowing you to set
the Red, Green and Blue intensities to any value between 0 and 63. The
format of the VGA 'analogue' colour palette command is shown below.
VDU 19,logical,-1,red,green,blue
If bit 7 of the logical colour number is set (values 128 to 143), then the
enhanced palette is used and the physical colour is taken to be the IBM
colour value.
For example, the following command will set logical colour 1 to green.
VDU 19,129,2,0,0,0
The text enhanced palette is the same as the graphics enhanced palette.
6-bit RGB colours
In the 6-bit RGB mode you set the physical colour by specifying the values
of the individual red, green and blue components as numbers in the range 0
(minimum) to 63 (maximum). Hence the value 0,0,0 corresponds to black and
the value 63,63,63 corresponds to peak (intensified) white.
To select a logical colour to one of these physical colours you must use the
VDU 19 command:
VDU 19,logical,-1,red,green,blue
This mode is provided for compatibility with BBC BASIC (86).
8-bit RGB colours
In the 8-bit RGB mode you set the physical colour by specifying the values
of the individual red, green and blue components as numbers in the range 0
(minimum) to 255 (maximum). Hence the value 0,0,0 corresponds to black and
the value 255,255,255 corresponds to peak (intensified) white.
To select a logical colour to one of these physical colours you use either
the VDU 19 command or the COLOUR statement:
VDU 19,logical,16,Red,Green,Blue
COLOUR logical,Red,Green,Blue
0 1 x x x b g r -
1 0 x x x b g r - background colour
1 1 x x x b g r - border colour
